Calophyllum parviflorum Bojer ex Baker, 1877 (Famille : Clusiaceae ou Guttiferae ?) Vintanina
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Calophyllum parviflorum Bojer ex Baker, 1877 (Famille :Clusiaceae ou Guttiferae ?) - Vintanina
 
(à gauche, photo de la base JSTOR Plant Science, à droite, photo de la base www.plantgenera.org ). Calophyllum («belle feuille », en grec kalos, "beau" et phullon, «feuille») est un genre d' arbres de plus de 200 espèces d' tropicales à feuillage persistant de la famille Clusiaceae , communément appelé Palo Maria. Espèces autochtones ( ?) de Madagascar, l'Afrique de l’est et du sud et sud-est de l'Asie (Est du Pakistan, Vietnam, Indonésie), des îles du Pacifique, des Antilles, d'Amérique du Sud. Les noms communs et des échanges pour ces arbres sont les suivants:
Pour la résine, parfois utilisé en médecine, voir Tacamahaca. En Europe centrale et en Amérique du Sud, pousse Calophyllum brasiliensis: guanandi, Jacareúba, Arbre et Feuille de Santa Maria Bonita brésilien. Ils vivent dans un large éventail de milieux, de falaises marécages côtiers, les forêts de plaine. Ils atteignent 30 m de hauteur et de 8 dm de diamètre. Les feuilles sont brillantes et coriaces. L'écorce est gris ou blanc et zestes dans de grandes lanières. Le bois est léger, le bois de coeur rose-rouge, ou parfois brun, tandis que l'aubier varie spp., parfois jaune, brun (avec le rose intérieur) à l'orange. Beaucoup contiennent de la Calanolide 1 en quantités variables. Les sangles de bois sont utilisées dans les mâts et les rames. (Produit l’huile de Tamanu).
Alfred Grandidier, Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar, Atlas, vol. 3, t. 357 (1890). Sur son bois, http://www.fratelliparisi.it/qualita/enciclopediadellegno/bintangor.htm
Note : Le Calophyllum parviflorum est originaire de l’Asie du sud-est. Source : https://www.konsum.admin.ch/holzdeklaration/suche/index.html?lang=fr&page=15&stichwort=&id=146
Calophyllum parviflorum Family Clusiaceae Trees , shrubs , or sometimes herbs containing resin or oil in schizogenous spaces or canals and sometimes black or red glands containing hypericin or pseudohypericin. Leaves simple , entire or rarely gland-fringed,opposite or sometimes whorled , nearly always estipulate. Flowers bisexual or unisexual , regular, hypogynous, solitary or in cymes or thyrses ; bracteoles often inserted just beneath calyx and then not always easily distinguishable from sepals. Sepals (2-) 4 or 5(or 6), imbricate or decussate or rarely wholly united in bud, inner ones sometimes petaloid . Petals [3 or]4 or 5[or 6], free , imbricate or contorted in bud. Stamens many to rarely few (9), in [3 or]4 or 5 bundles (fascicles) that are free and antipetalous or variously connate , with filaments variously united or apparently free and then sometimes sterile (staminodes) ; anther dehiscence longitudinal . Staminode bundles (fasciclodes) 3-5, free and antisepalous or variously connate or absent. Ovary superior, with 2-5(-12) connate carpels, 1-12-loculed, with axile to parietal or basal placentation ; ovules 1 to many on each placenta, erect to pendulous; styles 1-5[-12], free or ± united or absent; stigmas 1-12, punctiform to peltate or, when sessile, radiate , surface papillate or smooth . Fruit a septicidal or septifragal, rarely loculicidal, capsule,berry, or drupe; seeds 1 to many, without or almost without endosperm [sometimes arillate ]. About 40 genera and 1200 species: mainly in tropical regions , except Hypericum and Triadenum, which are both mainly temperate in distribution; eight genera (one endemic) and 95 species (48 endemic, one introduced ) in China. The Clusiaceae are a rather economically important family . Many species, such as Mesua ferrea and Garcinia paucinervis, have hard wood . Numerous species in Calophyllum, Clusia Linnaeus, and Garcinia producevaluable commercial resin or gum. Gamboge is produced from Garcinia morella Desrousseaux and other species. Garcinia mangostana and Mammea americana Linnaeus produce well-known edible fruits. Other species, such as Calophyllum inophyllum and Garcinia indica Choisy, have oily seeds. Hypericum is important in horticulture and medicine.
Genus Calophyllum Trees or shrubs , with clear [or milky or yellow] latex. Apical buds rarely abortive ; buds lacking (or with) scales . Leaves opposite, petiolate [or rarely sessile], leathery, usually glabrous ; secondary veins many, almost perpendicular to midvein , ± prominent above; tertiary venation absent; translucent glandular canals present between veins. Inflorescence cymose or thyrsiform, terminal or axillary . Flowers bisexual [or rarely unisexual ].Sepals and petals together 4-12 (usually 4 + 4 in Chinese species), 2- or 3-whorled, not always differentiated, outer (sepals) decussate, inner (petals) imbricate. Stamens many, not obviously fascicled; filaments scarcelyunited or all free , slender; anthers erect , basifixed ; fasciclodes absent. Ovary 1-loculed, glabrous [tomentose ], with a single erect ovule; style elongate , slender; stigma often peltate. Drupelike berry with thin exocarp ("skin"), thin fleshy mesocarp and thin endocarp sometimes adherent to seed. Seed 1, large, with thin [or thick] testa ("stone") ; embryo with broad fleshy cotyledons. About 187 species: tropical regions , mainly in Asia, but also in E Africa, tropical America, Madagascar, the Mascarenes, and Australasia; four species in China.[2] Habitat Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,400 meters (0 to 7,874 feet).[3] Taxonomy [ Back to top ]
Notes Publishing author : Boj. ex Baker Publication : Fl. Mauritius 16. 1877 [2 Aug 1877] Similar Species [ Back to top ] Members of the genus Calophyllum ZipcodeZoo has pages for 267 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: C. acidus · C. acuminatum · C. acutiputamen · C. aerarium · C. akara · C. alboramulum · C. amalloides · C. amblyphyllum · C. amoenum · C. amplexicaule · C. andersonii · C. angulare · C. angustifolium · C. angustum · C. antillanum (Antilles Calophyllum) · C. apetalum · C. archipelagi · C. ardens · C. arestanosans · C. articulatum · C. augia · C. aurantiacum · C. auriculatum · C. australianum · C. austrocoriaceum · C. austroindicum · C. balansae· C. bancanum · C. banyengii · C. benjamina · C. bicolor · C. biflorum · C. bifurcatum · C. bingator · C. blancoi · C. blumei · C. bonii · C. borneense · C. brachyphyllum · C. bracteatum · C. brasiliense · C. brasiliense var. rekoi ·C. brasiliensis · C. brasilinse · C. brassii · C. burmanni · C. bursiculum · C. calaba · C. calabra · C. calcicola · C. caledonicum · C. canum · C. carrii · C. carrii var. carrii · C. carrii var. longigemmatum · C. castaneum · C. caudatum · C. celebicum · C. cerasiferum · C. ceriferum · C. changii · C. chapelieri · C. chiapense · C. chinense · C. cholobtaches (Calophyllum) · C. clemensorum · C. collinum · C. comorense · C. complanatum · C. confertum· C. confusum · C. congestiflorum · C. cordato-oblongum · C. coriaceum · C. costatum · C. costulatum · C. cucullatum · C. cumingii · C. cuneatum · C. cuneifolium · C. cupi · C. curtisii · C. cussi · C. cymosum · C. decipiens · C. depressinervosum · C. dioscurii · C. dispar · C. dongnaiense · C. drouhardi · C. drouhardii · C. dryobalanoides · C. dubium · C. dunkani · C. echinatum · C. edule · C. elatum · C. elegans · C. ellipticum · C. enervosum More Info [ Back to top ]
Further Reading [ Back to top ]
Notes [ Back to top ] Contributors
Data Sources Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
Identifiers
Footnotes
Last Revised: 7/3/2009 Source : http://zipcodezoo.com/Plants/C/Calophyllum_parviflorum/ 1 Calanolide A : est un nouvel et expérimental inhibiteur non nucléosidique de la transcriptase inverse (INNTI) d'abord tiré de l’arbre Calophyllum lanigerum en Malaisie. Il lui a été trouvé une activité anti- VIH puissante. Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calanolide_A |
) - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes